Rear Engine, Front Wheel Drive Three Wheeled Vehicle

ABSTRACT

The general layout for a front wheel drive, three-wheeled vehicle designed for road use with two steerable driven wheels in the front of the vehicle, and the engine located behind the front of the passenger seating. The vehicle layout is designed for optimal stability and traction by the location of the passenger seating, engine or engines, steering and driven wheels.

BACKGROUND

Field of the Invention

The present invention pertains to motor vehicles. More specifically, thepresent invention pertains to those having only three wheels.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART

Typical road use, highway speed, three wheeled vehicles consist of thefollowing layout types:

-   -   Type-1—Two wheels in the rear of the vehicle with the rear wheel        driven.    -   Type 2—Two wheels in the front of the vehicle with the rear        wheel driven. Variations of this are:        -   (A) Straddle type seating where the body or engine is            straddled by the passenger, whether the engine is directly            underneath, forward, or rearward of the driver. An example            is a Can-Am Spyder (non-patent citation #1).        -   (B) Traditional seating with engine in front of the            passenger seat. Examples include Polaris Slingshot            (non-patent citation #15) and Morgan v-Twin (non-patent            citation #1).        -   (C) Traditional seating with engine behind the passenger            seat. An example is the Campagna T-Rex (non-patent citation            #1).    -   Type 3—Two wheels in the front of the vehicle with the front        wheels driven. Variations of this are:        -   (A) Straddle type seating where the body or engine is            straddled by the passenger, whether the engine is directly            underneath, forward, or rearward of the driver. An example            is the Scorcher (non-patent citation #17).        -   (B) Traditional seating with the engine in front of the            passenger seat. An example is the Trihawk (non-patent            citation #2).        -   (C) Traditional seating with engine behind the front of            passenger seat.            -   (1) Rear wheel steering. An example is the Dymaxion car                (non-patent citation #1).            -   (2) Front wheel steering. This vehicle type is the                present invention.

Three wheeled vehicles with two rear wheels, Type (1), suffer fromdetrimental stability problems when turning, and even more seriousstability issues when braking while turning. This is a critical need, asmaximum stability is required in emergency situations. It is very commonfor vehicles of this type to ‘tip over’ during more extreme maneuvers.

Three wheeled vehicles with a single rear wheel which is also the drivenwheel, Type (2), have traction problems due to the power being driventhrough a single wheel. Loss of traction causes the driver to quicklylose control of the vehicle since there is no directional control. Thiscan be especially dangerous when the vehicle is in a turn and the rearwheel loses traction. The loss of traction is compounded by thecombination of lateral forces on the rear wheel from the turn, theforward forces from acceleration, and changes in contact pressure due touneven road surfaces.

Three wheeled vehicles with two front driven wheels and the engineforward of the passenger seat, Type (3B), suffer from a broad variationin center of gravity as a result of varied passenger loading. The seatedposition requires legroom for the passenger, and pushes the enginefarther away from the center of gravity of the driver. Not only doesthis impact vehicle dynamics while in motion, but it also brings aboutthe larger concern of varying passenger loads based on the size ofperson(s), (especially if there are two seats), which changes the frontto rear center of gravity for the vehicle as a whole. The inconsistentpassenger load causes large variations of weight on the single rearwheel which dramatically changes the vehicle's dynamics, resulting in aninconsistent driving experience. This is of most concern during hardcornering, or situations involving wet or loose gravel roads where thetraction of the rear wheel is reduced causing the vehicle to reactdifferently due to the change in loading. Even the most experienceddrivers may be challenged by the radical change in vehicle dynamics.

Vehicles with straddle type seating, Type (2A) and (3B) provide certainadvantages, however they do not provide the comfort and safety oftraditional seating.

Each of the layout types defined above could incorporate front wheel orrear wheel steering as further layout sub-types, as depicted under Type(3C). Vehicles with primary steering provided through the rear wheelsare generally less stable at higher speeds, causing additional stabilityconcerns with a three wheeled vehicle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In contrast to the layouts described above, the present inventiondefines a layout which is a unique variation of Type (3), with theengine(s) placed behind traditional passenger seat(s) while stilldriving the front wheels. The wheels are arranged with two in the frontof the vehicle and one in the rear. The front wheels are the drivenwheels as well as the primary steering wheels. One or more passengerseats can be located forward of the engine or engines.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-wheeledvehicle having a layout where weighting and wheel loading provides astable platform for road use at highway speeds. The present inventionprovides the following advantages over previous layouts:

-   -   Since the passenger and the engine are significant weight        considerations, locating these close to each other provides the        optimal weighting for a three wheeled vehicle.    -   Variation of weight due to passenger loading is less of an        impact to weight distribution and vehicle dynamics.    -   Variability of weight due to passenger loading being closer to        front wheels.    -   Since two wheels are driven, vehicle can provide faster        acceleration without loss of traction.    -   The rear wheel must support braking and lateral loads only,        making it less likely to lose traction.    -   If the front wheels lose partial traction, vehicle will still        retain a magnitude of control.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

Examples of common existing three wheeled vehicle Types:

Drawing (1):

FIG. 0.1—Type 2B—Plan View

FIG. 0.2—Type 3B—Plan View

FIG. 0.3—Type 2C—Plan View

Present Invention:

Drawing (2):

Embodiment Dual Passenger, Side by Seating, Single Engine

FIG. 1.1—Embodiment—Side View

FIG. 1.2—Embodiment—Plan View

FIG. 1.3—Embodiment—Perspective View

Drawing (3):

Other Example Embodiments

FIG. 2.1—Plan View—dual passenger, serial seating, dual engine

FIG. 2.2—Plan View—single passenger seating, single engine

Example Drivetrain Embodiments

Drawing (4):

FIG. 3.1—Plan View—central driveshaft, single engine

FIG. 3.2—Plan View—parallel driveshaft with right angle gears, singleengine

Drawing (5):

FIG. 3.3—Plan View—parallel driveshaft with chain or belt drive, singleengine

FIG. 3.4—Plan View—drive shaft or direct drive, dual engines

For Embodiments, Items as follows:

All Embodiments

-   -   (A) Front Wheels—Driven, Steering    -   (B) Passenger Seat(s)    -   (C) Engine    -   (D) Rear Wheel

Drive Embodiments

-   -   (E1) Drive shaft and differential    -   (E2) Drive shaft and Right Angle gears    -   (E3) Drive shaft and Chain or Belt drive    -   (E4) Drive shaft or Direct drive

Before any embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it isto be understood that the invention is not limited in its application tothe details of construction and the detailed arrangement of componentsset forth in the following description or illustrated in the followingdrawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments not listedherein, and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways.Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology usedherein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded aslimiting.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIGS. 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 respectively portray general layouts of existingvehicle Types 2B, 2C, and 3B. These are the most common versions ofexisting three wheeled vehicles having two wheels in the front. Thereare numerous existing embodiments of these vehicle types with variousseating arrangements, engine types, body types, structural arrangements,and component arrangements. Each of these figures portrays front wheels(item A), a rear wheel (item D) which is located behind the front wheels(item A), one or more engines (item C) with the location depicted inrelationship to the front of the passenger seats (item B). Exampleembodiments of the connections from the engine to the driven wheels areshown as Drive shaft and Chain or Belt drive (item E3), as well as Driveshaft or direct drive (item E4).

As with the numerous embodiments of existing three wheeled vehicles, thepresent invention also has numerous possible embodiments. FIGS. 1.1,1.2, 1.3, 2.1 and 2.2 depict example embodiments of the presentinvention.

The first example embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.1.1), showing dual passenger side by side seating and a single engine.The embodiment portrays front wheels (item A) which provide primarysteering for the vehicle. A rear wheel (item D) is located behind thefront wheels (item A). The front of the engine (item C) is locatedbehind the front of the passenger seats (item B). The engine (item C)drives the front wheels (item A). The same embodiment is shown from aplan view in FIG. 1.2), and from perspective view in FIG. 1.3).

Another example embodiment is shown on FIG. 2.1) showing dual passengerserial seating and dual engines. The embodiment portrays front wheels(item A) which provide primary steering for the vehicle. A rear wheel(item D) is located behind the front wheels (item A). The front of theforward most engine (item C) is located behind the front of the forwardmost passenger seat (item B). The engine (item C) drives the frontwheels (item A).

Another example embodiment is shown on FIG. 2.2) showing singlepassenger seating with a single engine. The embodiment portrays frontwheels (item A) which provide primary steering for the vehicle. A rearwheel (item D) is located behind the front wheels (item A). The front ofthe forward most engine (item C) is located behind the front of theforward most passenger seat (item B). The engine (item C) drives thefront wheels (item A).

The present invention may utilize a variety of engine to driven wheelconnection types and is not limited by possible types. Exampleconnection types may include chain, belt, hydraulic, shaft, or direct.Example engine to driven wheel embodiments (FIGS. 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4)are provided to represent some of the many possibilities and show thatthe present invention is not limited by drive train mechanisms:

-   -   Central driveshaft (E1), single engine embodiment (FIG. 3.1).    -   Parallel driveshaft with right angle gears (E2), single engine        embodiment (FIG. 3.2).    -   Parallel driveshaft with chain or belt drive (E3), single engine        embodiment (FIG. 3.3).    -   Driveshaft or Direct drive (E4), dual engines (FIG. 3.4).

The present invention is not limited by engine type or number ofengines. Gasoline, Hydrogen, Steam, Electric and other engine typeembodiments are not limiting factors of the present invention.

If seating has adjustable seating, references to ‘front of seat’indicate the forward most position of the seat. If multiple seats areused, the ‘front of seat’ refers to the seat in the forward mostposition in the vehicle.

References to ‘front of engine’ refer to the forward most portion of theengine in a vertical plane.

The present invention may have numerous embodiments for actual steeringof the front wheels. The present invention is limited to vehicles withprimary steering through the use of the front wheels. Advancedembodiments may include some incremental steering through the use of therear wheel such a flexing, incremental movement or rotating for use inparking or slow speed maneuvering. Vehicle with primary steeringaccomplished through the rear wheel at highway speeds are not within thescope of the present invention.

The present invention is limited to standard sit-in or sit-on type seats(Item B), which is also referred to as ‘traditional’ seating. Thepresent invention does not extend to vehicles with straddle seating, inwhich the passenger has one leg or foot on either side of the engine orprimary body of the vehicle, regardless of whether the passenger is in aforward leaning, vertical, rearward leaning, reclined, or horizontalposition. Straddle type seating may have the engine directly underneath,forward, or rearward of the driver.

In addition to items noted above, the present invention is not limitedby:

-   -   frame or body structure type or material.    -   distances between items.    -   classification of vehicle such as motorcycle or car.    -   construction details.    -   suspension types and variations.    -   body types.    -   other vehicle components.

While this invention has been described with several embodiments, thepresent invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope ofthis disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover anyvariations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its generalprinciples. Further, this application is intended to cover suchdepartures from the present disclosure as come within known or customarypractice in the art to which this invention pertains.

CITATIONS Patent Citations

Comments related to Cited Filing Publi present Patent date dateApplicant Title invention U.S. Pat. No. 1,989,995 26 Feb. 1930 5 Feb.Martin James V Autoette Rear Wheel 1935 Drive U.S. Pat. No. 2,038,843Apr. 28, Jones Joseph R Three wheeled automobile Rear Wheel 1936Steering U.S. Pat No. 2,434,759 31 Aug. 1945 20 Jan. Karl DonovanTricycle vehicle Rear Wheel 1948 Drive U.S. Pat. No. 2,740,486 Jul. 25,Sto Paul Anna Charles Three wheel vehicle with Rear Wheel 1939 Francoisone driving wheel and two Drive steering wheels U.S. Pat No. 2,851,30218 Jan. 1957 9 Sep. Gen Motors Corp Vehicle frame and Two Rear 1958underbody construction Wheels U.S. Pat. No. 3,610,358 23 Jul. 1969 5Oct. Walter H Korff Cycle car Rear Wheel 1971 Drive U.S. Pat. No.3,826,326 9 Nov. 1971 30 Jul. Blair D Three wheeled automotive RearWheel 1974 vehicular construction Drive U.S. Pat. No. 4,020,914 23 Feb.1976 3 May Wolfgang Trautwein Stabilized three-wheeled Rear Wheel 1977vehicle Drive U.S. Pat. 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Non-Patent Citations

Non Patent Citation #1

Unknown Author, Wikipedia: Three Wheeled Vehicles with Two Front Wheels

Web site link; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-wheeler#Examples

Date: Jun. 21, 2015

Two front wheels Years Comments Relative to Name Country manufacturedPresent Disclosure Léon BolléeVoiturette France 1895-? Rear wheel driveAdvance 6 hp air-cooled Tri Car and England 1902-12 Rear wheel drive 9hp water-cooled Tri Car^([7]) Egg Switzerland 1896-1899 Rear wheel driveHumberTricar^([8][9]) England 1904 Rear wheel drive Riley OlympiaTricar^([10]) England 1904 Rear wheel drive Lagonda Tricar^([12])England 1904-07 Rear wheel drive Anglian England 1905-07 Rear wheeldrive Armadale England 1906-07 Rear wheel drive Morgan V-Twin andF-Series England 1911-39, Front Engine 1932-52 American Tri-Car UnitedStates 1912 Rear Wheel Drive Birmingham Small Arms Company England1929-36 Front Engine Three Wheeler Zaschka Germany 1929 Rear Wheel driveDymaxion car United States 1933 Rear wheel steering Mathis VEL 333France 1946 Front engine Velorex Oskar and other models Czechoslovakia1951-71 Rear wheel drive Isetta UK 1957-62 Rear wheel drive Scootacar UK1957-64 Rear wheel drive Messerschmitt KR175 Germany 1953-64 Rear wheeldrive Messerschmitt KR200 Germany 1953-64 Rear wheel drive Peel P50 Isleof Man 1963-64 Rear wheel drive HM Vehicles Free-way United States1979-82 Rear wheel drive Campagna T-Rex Canada 1996-present Rear wheeldrive Malone Car Company F1000|Skunk United Kingdom 1999-present FrontEngine SS|TAZR Cree SAM Switzerland 2001 Rear wheel drive Scoot CoupeUnited States 2004-present Rear wheel drive Myers Motors NmG (“No moreGas”) United States 2006-present Rear wheel drive Can-Am Spyder RoadsterCanada 2007-present Rear wheel drive Brudeli 645L Norway 2008- Rearwheel drive Moonbeam United States 2008-present Rear wheel drive TriacUnited States 2009-2011 Front Engine XR-3 Hybrid United StatesPlans-2008, Two engines: Kit-2009 Front Engine (gas), Front Wheel drive;and Rear engine (electric), rear wheel drive. Aptera 2e United StatesElectric Front Engine Triton Trikes United States 2000-current FrontEngine Elio Motors Shreveport, LA, Begins 1H Front Engine United States2016^([16]) Go3Wheeler United States 2014 Rear Wheel Drive

Non Patent Reference #2

Author: Elvis Payne, Three Wheelers.Com-query: Manufactures with 2Wheels in Front

Web site link; http://www.3wheelers.com/; Database Query: WheelConfiguration=‘2F1R’ or ‘Both’

Date: Jun. 21, 2015

Query Results: Comments related to Info Manufacturer

 From To Country present disclosure

Copeland 1884 1891 United States Rear Wheel Steering

Butler 1890 1890 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Lambert 1891 1917 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Bernardi 1894 1901 Italy Rear Wheel Drive

Leyland 1895 1895 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Leon Bollee 1895 1899 France Rear Wheel Drive

Wolseley 1896 1899 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Humber 1896 1910 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Riker 1896 1900 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Eagle 1899 1908 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Jackson 1899 1914 United Kingdom Front Engine

Beeston 1899 1905 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Jackson & 1900 1908 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive Kinnings

Singer 1900 1907 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Lion 1900 1905 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Ribble Motors 1900 1908 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Riley 1900 1907 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Lagonda 1901 1905 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Sautel Et 1902 1904 France Rear Wheel Drive Sechaud

Quadrant 1903 1906 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Wolf 1903 1906 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Raleigh 1903 1935 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Garrard 1904 1904 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Repton 1904 1904 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

NSU 1905 1910 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Lurquin-Coudert 1905 1914 France Rear Wheel Drive

Kerry 1905 1907 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Rexette 1905 1905 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Sanchis 1906 1912 France Rear Wheel Drive

Contral 1906 1908 France Rear Wheel Drive

Advance 1906 1908 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Certain 1907 1907 France Rear Wheel Drive

PMC (1) 1910 1910 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Kelsey 1910 1912 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Morgan 1910 1951 United Kingdom Front Engine

Motorette (2) 1910 1912 United States Rear Wheel Drive Kelsey

Crouch 1912 1912 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Girling 1912 1912 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Autotrix 1913 1913 United Kingdom Front Engine

Torpelle 1914 1914 France Rear Wheel Drive

Thurlow 1914 1921 United Kingdom Front Engine

Leyat 1914 1914 France No Driven Wheels

LSD 1919 1924 United Kingdom Front Engine

Trident 1919 1920 France Single Front Wheel

MB 1919 1921 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive (Merrall-Brown)

Castle Three 1919 1922 United Kingdom Front Engine

Wooler 1920 1926 United Kingdom Front Engine

Eibach 1921 1925 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Diable 1921 1924 France Rear Wheel Drive

Atomette 1921 1922 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Monet-Goyon 1921 1926 France Front Engine

Xtra 1922 1924 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Thompson Bros 1922 1922 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Diablo 1922 1927 Germany Front Engine

Sandford 1922 1936 France Front Engine

D'Yrsan 1923 1928 France Front Engine

Omega (1) 1925 1927 United Kingdom Front Engine

Mops 1925 1925 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Coventry-Victor 1926 1938 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

BSA 1929 1936 United Kingdom Front Engine

Zaschka 1929 1929 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Framo-Werke 1932 1937 Germany Front Engine

Hercules 1932 1933 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

JMB 1933 1935 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Dymaxion 1933 1934 United States Rear Wheel Steering

Rollfix 1933 1936 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Kaiser 1935 1935 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Airomobile 1937 1938 United States Front Engine

Gillet 1937 1937 Belgium Rear Wheel Drive

Tatra 1938 1938 Czech Republic Rear Wheel Drive

Arzens 1942 1942 France Rear Wheel Drive

Bubblepuppy 1944 1947 United States Front Engine

Bouffort 1945 1960 France Front Engine

Mathis 1945 1948 Germany Front Engine

Dot 1947 1956 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Fend 1948 1953 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Altona 1948 1948 Belgium Front Engine

Kurier 1948 1948 Czech Republic Front Engine

Vallée 1949 1954 France Rear Wheel Drive

Krejbich 1949 1949 Czech Republic Rear Wheel Drive

Nitta Sangyo 1950 1950 Japan Rear Wheel Drive

Tripolino 1950 1950 Czech Republic Rear Wheel Drive

Fuldamobil 1950 1961 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Vincent 1950 1955 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Brutsch 1951 1957 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Bonnallack 1951 1952 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Meyra 1952 1956 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

EEC 1952 1954 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Felber 1952 1953 Austria Rear Wheel Drive

Libelle 1952 1954 Austria Rear Wheel Drive

DS Malterre 1952 1958 France Rear Wheel Drive

Nobel 1952 1961 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Gaitán 1953 1953 Spain (various models) Two Rear Wheels or Rear WheelDrive

Issi 1953 1953 Italy Rear Wheel Drive

Cimera 1953 1957 Spain Rear Wheel Drive

Edith 1953 1957 Australia Rear Wheel Drive

Messerschmitt 1953 1962 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Boli 1953 1957 Spain Rear Wheel Drive

Inter 1953 1956 France Rear Wheel Drive

Isetta 1954 1964 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Heinkel 1954 1958 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Vimp 1954 1954 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

BMW 1954 1964 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Shelter 1954 1954 Netherlands Rear Wheel Drive

Kroboth 1954 1955 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Goricke 1954 1959 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Tri-Car 1955 1955 United States Rear Wheel Drive

MT 1955 1962 Spain Two Rear Wheels

Pinguin 1956 1956 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Belcar 1956 1956 Switzerland Rear Wheel Drive

Bly 1956 1957 United Kingdom Front Engine

Powerdrive 1956 1958 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Unicar 1956 1968 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Coronet 1957 1960 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Henri Baldet 1957 1957 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Scootacar 1957 1964 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Fuji Motors Corp 1957 1958 Japan Rear Wheel Drive

Velorex 1958 1971 Czech Republic Rear Wheel Drive

Jones 1958 1958 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Berkeley 1959 1960 United Kingdom Front Engine

Frisky 1959 1964 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Hamblin 1960 1960 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Trojan 1962 1965 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Trivan 1962 1964 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Zaika 1962 1965 Russian Federat Rear Wheel Drive

Ranger 1964 1976 United Kingdom Front Engine

Howecette 1968 1968 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

AF Cars 1969 1980 United Kingdom Front Engine

Teihol 1970 1983 France Rear Wheel Drive

Citeadine 1970 1983 France Rear Wheel Drive

Mumford 1971 1986 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Fiberfab 1971 1975 United States Rear Wheel Drive

PMC (2) Powers 1974 1974 United States Rear Wheel Drive or Motor CorpFront Engine depending on config

Volkswagen- 1974 1980 United States Front Engine Scooter

Mosquito 1974 1979 United Kingdom Front Engine

Duo Delta 1974 1974 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Dale 1975 1975 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Stimson 1976 1976 United Kingdom Straddle Seating

Automirage 1976 1985 Italy Rear Wheel Drive

Turbo Phantom 1978 1982 United States Rear Wheel Drive

HM Vehicles 1979 1983 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Trihawk 1982 1985 United States Front Engine

Litestar 1982 1988 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Feora 1982 1982 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Triad 1982 1985 United Kingdom Front Engine

Gamma 1982 1984 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Unisport 1982 1988 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Zoe Motors 1982 1983 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Doran 1983 Present United States Front Engine

D&A Vehicles 1983 1986 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Dolphin 1983 1986 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Ford 1983 1983 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Fire Aero 1984 1988 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Shrike 1984 1984 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Gamma 1984 1988 United States Rear Wheel Drive

DRK 1984 1998 United Kingdom Front Engine

Replicar 1985 1987 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Hudson 1985 1998 United Kingdom Front Engine

Buckland 1985 1998 United Kingdom Front Engine

Pembleton 1986 Present United Kingdom Front Engine

Kudos 1986 1986 United Kingdom Front Engine

Trilux 1986 1986 United Kingdom Front Engine

Le Patron 1986 Present Netherlands Front Engine

Horlacher 1986 1990 Switzerland Rear Wheel Drive

Saccomando 1986 1992 United Kingdom Front Engine

Robert Q Riley 1986 Present United States Rear Wheel Drive

Falcon 1986 1986 United Kingdom Front Engine

Trigger Technics 1987 Present Netherlands Rear Wheel Drive B.V

JZR 1987 Present United Kingdom Front Engine

Badsey 1987 1990 United States Rear Wheel Drive

SportCycle 1988 Present United States Rear Wheel Drive

Lomax 1988 Present United Kingdom Front Engine

Tri-Tech 1990 Present United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive Autocraft

Trifid 1990 1991 United Kingdom Front Engine

BRA 1992 2006 United Kingdom Front Engine

JBF Boxer 1992 1992 United Kingdom Front Engine

Grinnall 1992 Present United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive Specialist Cars

Suntera 1994 1997 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Blackjack 1995 Present United Kingdom Front Engine

Texas Rocket 1995 1995 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Corbin Motors 1996 2003 United States Sparrow- Rear Wheel DriveMerlin-Front Engine

Malone Car 1997 Present United Kingdom Front Engine Company

Mercedes Benz 1997 1997 Germany Rear Wheel Drive

Carver 1997 2009 Netherlands 2 Rear Wheels

IndyCycle 1999 1999 United States Rear Wheel Drive

Landshark 2000 2000 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Cree 2001 2001 Switzerland Rear Wheel Drive

Sealion 2002 2002 Norway Front Engine

TR Hog 2002 2002 United States Rear Wheel Drive

SLOW 2003 2003 United Kingdom Rear Wheel Steering

QPod 2004 Present United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

Myers Motors 2004 Present United States Rear Wheel Drive

Peugeot 2005 2005 France Front Engine

Sceadu 2006 Present United States Rear Wheel Drive

Fuel Vapor 2006 Present Canada Front Engine Technologies

Xzilarakor 2006 Present United States Rear Wheel Drive

Liberty Motors 2007 Present United States Front Engine

Bonnington 2007 2007 Australia Rear Wheel Drive

Cirbin Motors 2007 Present United States Rear Wheel Drive Corp.

Planet 2007 Present United Kingdom Front Engine Engineering Ltd

Elio Motors 2008 Present United Kingdom Front Engine

Razor 2012 Present United Kingdom Rear Wheel Drive

KTM 2013 2013 Austria Rear Wheel Drive

Other Non Patent Citations

Comments related # Author, Desc, Date Web Link Vehicle to presentdisclosure  3 Unknown Author, web page imagehttp://thegegeblog.canalblog.com/ Bolle-La Bolle Rear wheel drive ofLaBolle vehicle, Jun. 27, 2015, archives/2010/04/01/17439628.html 1896one page  4 Unknown Author, web page https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%Griffon-1906 Rear wheel drive Wikipedia Griffon vehicle,C3%89tablissements_Griffon Jun. 27, 2015, one page  5 Unknown Author,web page AC http://www.uniquecarsandparts. AC-Auto Carrier Rear wheeldrive History, Jun. 27, 2015, two pages com.autheritage_ac.php 1903-UKAC-Sociable Rear wheel drive 1907-UK  6 Unknown Author, web pagehttps://touringroads.wordpress.com/ Advance Motor Co- Rear wheel driveSearching for lost Indians, 2013/10/05/searching-for-lost-ForeCar/Tricar Jun. 27, 2015, two pages indians-an-archival-journey/1907-UK  7 Elvis Payne, web page Asia,http://www.3wheelers.com/aisa.html Actividades Rear wheel drive Jun. 27,2015, One page Industriales-Aisa 1952-Spain  8 Elvis Payne, web pageA.F.Cars, http://www.3wheelers.com/afcars.html AF Cars-AB1 Front EngineJun. 27, 2015, One page Spider/Grand Prix 1969  9 Unknown Author, webpage, http://www.canosoarus.com/ Aero Visions Inc- Rear wheel driveWelcome to the home of Doug California Malewicki's Communter inventions,engineering projects 1980-United States and fun stuff. Jun. 27, 2015,two pages 10 Unknown Author, web page http://www.bra-cars.com/ BRA MotorWorks- Front Engine Welcome to BRA Motorworks, CX3, CV3, Jun. 27, 2015,one page Leighton, MR3 2003-present-UK 11 Hanlon, Mike, thethree-wheeled http://www.gizmag.com/go/3628/ Mercedes-Benz F Rear wheeldrive driving machine, Gizmag, 300 Life-Jet Jan. 21, 2005, 4 pagesConcept Car 12 Unknown Author, web page http://www.diseno-art.com/Aprilia Magnet Straddle Seating Home=>Concept Cars,encyclopedia/concept_cars/aprilia_ Concept Only JUn. 27, 2015, one pagemagnet.html 13 Hanlon, Mike, VW's 3-wheel http://www.gizmag.com/go/4990/Volkswagen 3 Rear wheel drive sportcar, Gizmag, Jan. 5, 2006, wheelerGX3 4 pages Concept Car 14 Hanlon, Mike, Peugeot's excitinghttp://www.gizmag.com/go/4494/ Peugeot 20CUP Front Engine new3-wheeler-the 20CUP, Concept Car Gizmag, Aug. 28, 2005, 4 pages 15Unknown Author, web page http://www.polaris.com/en-us/slingshot PolarisSlingshot Front Engine Polaris Slingshot company web page, Jun. 27,2015, one page 16 Ian Stent, CKC June 2012 Issuehttp://www.grinnallcars.com/grin-factor.pdf Grinnall Scorpion III RearWheel Drive 63, pages 17-19 17 Unknown Author, web page, Thehttp://www.thepetrolstop.com/2012/03/ Scorcher Saddle seating PetrolStop, Jun. 27, 2015, 1 page stimson-scorcher.html

What is claimed is:
 1. A three wheeled vehicle, comprising of: twodriven front wheels which allow primary directional control of thevehicle and propel the vehicle; a single non-driven rear wheel; one ormore traditional bucket or bench type passenger seats, wherein thepassenger's legs are in a non-elevated position; an engine or engines topropel the vehicle either directly or indirectly through the frontwheels, with the front of the forward most engine located behind thefront of the forward most passenger seat; drive train componentsconnecting the engine(s) to the driven wheels, located outside of orunder the passenger compartment; which has any floorboard which isconfigured to separate the occupant from drivetrain components and isbeneath the seat or legs of the passenger, being at an elevation belowthe seating surface of said seating.